The discovery was made by University of Cambridge researchers on a "soul house", a type of clay model in the shape of a building, typically found in burials. Curator Helen Strudwick said the complete handprint, which dates to 2055 to 1650BC, was "a rare and exciting" find.

The ceramic will go on display as part of the university's Made in Ancient Egypt exhibition at the Fitzwilliam Museum opening on 3 October. Ms Strudwick, senior egyptologist at the Fitzwilliam Museum, said: "We've spotted traces of fingerprints left in wet varnish or on a coffin in the decoration, but it is rare and exciting to find a complete handprint underneath this soul house. "This was left by the maker who touched it before the clay dried. "I have never seen such a complete handprint on an Egyptian object before."

The exhibition concentrates on the people who made the ancient Egyptian crafts. While ceramics were widely used and vast amounts of pottery survive, there are relatively few details known about the potters themselves, in comparison to other ancient Egyptian craftsmen. The ready availability and generally low value of pottery may have affected their status, according to the museum, which cited a text known as the Teaching of Khet, comparing potters to pigs who wallow in mud. Soul houses may have acted as offering trays or provided a place for the soul of the deceased to live within the tomb.

They had an open front space where items of food were laid out, in this example loaves of bread, a lettuce and an ox's head. Analysis of the item suggested the potter who made it first created a framework of wooden sticks and then coated it with clay to make a building with two storeys supported by pillars. During firing the wooden framework burnt away, leaving empty spaces in their place. (BBC/ The Fitzwilliam Museum, University of Cambridge)