sovereign affairs, after MI5 warned MPs of the risk from Chinese spies. An alert issued to MPs, peers and parliamentary staff by security services identified two LinkedIn profiles, which it says are used on behalf of the Chinese Ministry of State Security (MSS). It says they act as "civilian recruitment head-hunters", targeting individuals working in British politics to solicit "insider insights". Jarvis announced a package of measures in the House of Commons to tackle espionage threats to the UK.

These included £170m to upgrade encrypted technology for government business, as well as new protections against Chinese cybercrime and attempts to influence UK university research. "Let me speak plainly, this activity involves a covert and calculated attempt by a foreign power to interfere in our security affairs in favour of its own interests and this government will not tolerate it," Jarvis told MPs.

Commons Speaker Sir Lindsay Hoyle and his counterpart in the House of Lords, Lord McFall, circulated the MI5 warning to MPs and peers on Tuesday. Writing to MPs, Sir Lindsay said Chinese state actors were "relentless" in trying to "interfere with our processes and influence activity at Parliament".

He said the Chinese MSS was "actively reaching out to individuals in our community", and that they wanted to "collect information and lay the groundwork for long-term relationships, using professional networking sites, recruitment agents and consultants acting on their behalf". Other elements of espionage described in the MI5 alert include all-expenses paid trips to China, and payment for information through cash or cryptocurrency. (BBC)